Letter 116

Theodoret of CyrrhusRenatus|c. 440 AD|theodoret cyrrhus
arianismillnessimperial politicsmonasticismproperty economics
From: Theodoret, Bishop of Cyrrhus
To: Renatus, Presbyter [a Roman papal legate who attended the "Robber Synod" of Ephesus]
Date: ~449 AD
Context: Theodoret thanks the papal legate Renatus for his courageous stand against the proceedings at Ephesus and appeals for Rome's intervention.

To Renatus the Presbyter,

We have heard of the warm and righteous zeal of your holiness -- the just and outspoken boldness you displayed in condemning the outrageous proceedings at Ephesus [the "Robber Synod" of 449 AD]. This is not known to us alone. The fame of your orthodoxy has spread everywhere, and people on all sides are celebrating your righteousness, your zeal, your courage, and your denunciation of the injustice done to me.

Your holiness took that stand after witnessing one act of violence. If you had seen the others that took place after your departure, you might have rivaled the fervor of the famous Phinehas [the Old Testament priest who acted with zeal against transgression, Numbers 25:7-8]. I was one of those condemned afterward. The imperial order had forbidden me to attend the council, and I was sentenced in my absence.

Twenty-six years I have been a bishop. I have labored beyond counting. I have fought hard for the truth. I have freed tens of thousands of heretics from their errors and brought them to the Savior. And now they have stripped me of my priesthood and are sending me into exile. For my old age, for my gray hairs -- earned in the service of truth -- they show no respect.

I beg your holiness, therefore, to persuade the most sacred and holy archbishop [Pope Leo] to summon me to your council. That holy see holds precedence over all the churches in the world, for many reasons -- but above all because it is free from every taint of heresy. No bishop of heterodox opinion has ever sat upon its throne. It has preserved the grace of the apostles undefiled.

Trusting in your justice, I will accept whatever decisions you make, and I ask only to be judged by my writings. I have authored more than thirty books -- against Arius and Eunomius, against Marcion, against Macedonius, against pagans and against Jews. I have interpreted the holy Scriptures, and anyone who wishes can easily verify that I have followed in the apostles' footsteps, proclaiming one Son, one Father, and one Holy Spirit; one Godhead of the Trinity, one sovereignty, one power, one eternity, one immutability, one impassibility, one will. The Godhead of the Lord Jesus Christ is perfect; the manhood He assumed for our salvation is perfect, and for our sake was delivered to death. I do not recognize one Son of Man and a different Son of God, but one and the same -- Son of God and God, begotten of God, and Son of Man through the form of a servant, of the seed of Abraham and David.

This is what I continue to teach, and this is exactly what I have found in the writings of the most holy lord archbishop Leo [the Tome of Leo]. I praise the Lord of all that I am in agreement with his apostolic doctrine.

Receive my appeal, I beg you, and do not overlook the injustice I am suffering. For this reason I have sent to your holiness the godly presbyters Hypatius and Abramius, chorepiscopi, and Alypius, head of our monks -- men of upright lives, able to give you a full account of my situation.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

Related Letters