Letter 12

Symmachus (Pope)Unknown|pope symmachus
From: Pope Symmachus, Bishop of Rome
To: Caesarius, Bishop of Arles
Date: ~513 AD
Context: Symmachus responds to Caesarius's consultation on various church matters — this letter confirmed Caesarius in his role as the leading figure of the Gallic church.

Symmachus, bishop, to our most beloved brother Caesarius, bishop of Arles.

You have written with several matters that require response, and I want to address them in order.

On the question of the monastery that has been refusing episcopal oversight: the principle is clear. Monasteries exist within the church, not outside it. The charism of the monastic life does not exempt communities from the canonical structures of the church. A monastery that refuses visitation by the local bishop is not exercising holy independence; it is claiming a privilege that does not exist. If gentle persuasion fails, canonical sanctions are appropriate.

On the question of the clergy who have received multiple ordinations from competing bishops: this is a complicated situation that will require case-by-case examination. The general principle is that a man ordained by a bishop who was himself legitimately ordained is himself legitimately ordained, regardless of the political circumstances around the ordaining bishop. Apply this principle carefully.

On the vicariate authority of Arles: it is confirmed, as it has been confirmed by our predecessors. You act in our name in the Gallic provinces. Use this authority wisely and write to us when you encounter matters that exceed your judgment.

We hold you in our highest regard.

Symmachus, bishop of Rome

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.