Letter 23

UnknownSulpicius Severus|c. 409 AD|paulinus nola
From: Paulinus, bishop of Nola
To: Sulpicius Severus, monk and writer
Date: ~409 AD
Context: The longest of Paulinus's letters to Severus — a sprawling, affectionate, and theologically rich letter that covers friendship, the Felix shrine at Nola, miracles, and the relationship between classical and Christian learning.

To my brother Severus,

Why do you insist on making me love you more? What is already at its height cannot grow higher. If the sea could overflow its boundaries, and if everything that already holds its natural fullness could still increase — then perhaps my love for you could be heaped up further. But as it is, we love you as ourselves, and we cannot add a cubit to our stature [Matthew 6:27] any more than we can add a measure to our love. Yet we set no limit on desire. You think you are satisfying us with this constant stream of courteous, devoted letters by which you try to compensate for your bodily absence. But you are only whetting the appetite of love — and the more generous your correspondence, the less it satisfies, because its very excellence makes us long all the more for you in person.

[This immense letter — the longest Paulinus wrote to Severus — ranges across a remarkable variety of topics with the freedom and warmth of a conversation between the closest of friends:

1. ON FRIENDSHIP AND LETTER-WRITING: Paulinus reflects on the paradox that letters both satisfy and intensify the longing for a friend's presence. The better the letter, the more painfully it reminds you of the writer's absence.

2. MIRACLES AT THE SHRINE OF SAINT FELIX: A substantial portion of the letter is devoted to accounts of recent miracles at the shrine in Nola — healings, deliverances, and answers to prayer that Paulinus witnessed personally or received as testimony from pilgrims. He tells these stories with vivid narrative detail, clearly relishing his role as chronicler of Felix's ongoing patronage.

3. THE NATALICIUM CELEBRATION: Paulinus describes the annual feast day of Saint Felix (January 14) and the crowds of pilgrims who flood Nola for the celebration — peasants from the countryside, aristocrats from Rome, travelers from across Italy and beyond. He paints a picture of the shrine complex as a living, bustling center of devotion.

4. CLASSICAL LEARNING AND CHRISTIAN CULTURE: The letter includes an important passage on Paulinus's relationship to classical literature. Having given up his career as a poet and man of letters when he renounced the world, he reflects on what was lost and what was gained. He does not condemn classical learning — he quotes Virgil, Horace, and others throughout his letters — but he has reordered his priorities. Scripture is now the text that matters; classical culture is an ornament, not a foundation.

5. NEWS AND GREETINGS: Woven throughout are personal updates, greetings to mutual friends, responses to questions Severus had raised in earlier letters, and practical arrangements for the next exchange of letters and visitors.

The letter is a window into the mind and heart of a man who gave up enormous wealth and worldly position to serve God and the poor, and who never regretted it. Its length is itself a sign of the relationship: Paulinus cannot bring himself to stop writing to the friend he loves most.]

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

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