Letter 147: Jerome writes in severe but moderate language to Sabinianus, a deacon, calling on him to repent of his sins. Of these he recounts at length the two most serious, an act of adultery at Rome and an attempt to seduce a nun at Bethlehem. The date of the letter is uncertain.

JeromeSabinianus|c. 419 AD|jerome
barbarian invasioneducation booksgrief deathhumorillnessimperial politicsmonasticismproperty economicsslavery captivitytravel mobilitywomen
Barbarian peoples/invasions; Theological controversy; Travel & mobility
From: Jerome, priest and scholar in Bethlehem
To: Sabinianus, deacon
Date: uncertain (late career)
Context: One of Jerome's most severe letters — a detailed denunciation of a deacon guilty of adultery in Rome and attempted seduction of a nun in Bethlehem, written with cold fury and a final offer of mercy.

Sabinianus,

When it repented the Lord that he had anointed Saul king over Israel, Samuel mourned for him [1 Samuel 15:35]. When Paul heard that there was fornication among the Corinthians — "such fornication as is not even named among the gentiles" [1 Corinthians 5:1] — he pleaded with tears for their repentance. If an apostle, himself immaculate, could plead with such clemency, how much more should a sinner like me plead with a sinner like you?

You have fallen, and you refuse to get up. You do not so much as lift your eyes to heaven. Having wasted your father's substance, you take pleasure in the husks that the swine eat [Luke 15:13-16]. You climb the precipice of pride and tumble headlong into the abyss. You make your belly your God instead of Christ. You are a slave to lust. Your glory is in your shame [Philippians 3:19]. You fatten yourself like a victim for the slaughter, imitating the lives of the wicked while ignoring their doom.

Do you imagine that because your punishment is delayed, it has been cancelled? The ten plagues were sent upon Pharaoh not as acts of wrath but as warnings from a patient father. His day of grace was extended until he repented of his own repentance. Do not mistake God's patience for God's approval.

Let me lay out the charges — not from rumor but from evidence.

In Rome, you committed adultery. The facts are known, the witnesses are alive, and the injured parties can testify. You were a deacon — a man sworn to serve the church and its people — and you violated that trust in the most fundamental way possible. You used your clerical status to gain access to a household, and you betrayed the family that trusted you.

That was bad enough. But then you came to Bethlehem — to our monastery, to the very place where Christ was born — and you attempted to seduce a consecrated virgin. You crept to her cell at night. You passed notes. You used every tool of persuasion, flattery, and manipulation in your repertoire. When she resisted — and thank God she did — you persisted. You treated a woman who had given her life to Christ as prey to be hunted.

I discovered what you were doing. I confronted you. You wept. You swore repentance. You promised amendment. And then, when my back was turned, you went straight back to the same behavior — proving that your tears were as false as your ordination vows.

Here is what I want you to understand. I do not write this letter to destroy you. I write it to save you — if you can still be saved. Repentance is available to you. The same God who forgave David's adultery and Peter's denial will forgive you, if you turn back sincerely. But sincerity means action, not words. It means public confession, public penance, and a complete change of life. It does not mean weeping for an afternoon and then returning to business as usual.

The church is not a shelter for predators. The diaconate is not a hunting license. If you will not repent — genuinely, visibly, permanently — then you have no place among the clergy, and no honest man will pretend otherwise.

I close with David's words: "Have mercy upon me, O God, according to your loving-kindness; according to the multitude of your tender mercies, blot out my transgressions" [Psalm 51:1]. These words are available to you. But they require the broken and contrite heart that David brought to them. Bring that heart, and God will not despise it [Psalm 51:17]. Refuse to bring it, and nothing I or anyone else can say will help you.

May Christ give you the grace to hear, to be silent, to understand — and at last to repent.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

Related Letters

Pope Gregory the GreatSabinianusc. 594 · gregory great #5019

In the cause of our brother the most reverend John, bishop of Constantinople, I have been unwilling to write two letters. But one I have drawn up briefly, which may seem to combine both requisites; that is to say, both honesty and kindness. Let therefore your Love take care to give him this letter which I have now addressed to him in compliance ...

Pope Gregory the GreatSabinianusc. 593 · gregory great #4047

You know what has been done in the case of the prevaricator Maximus. For after the most serene Lord the Emperor had sent orders that he should not be ordained , then he broke out into a higher pitch of pride. For the men of the glorious patrician Romanus received bribes from him, and caused him to be ordained in such a manner that they would ha...

Pope Gregory the GreatSabinianusc. 598 · gregory great #8024

I am well delighted in your sincerity, dearest brother, knowing how, with the discrimination of a careful judgment, it both obeys where obedience is due and resists where resistance is due with priestly zeal. For with what alacrity of devotion you have submitted to what we enjoined for the fault of your past transgression is disclosed to us by t...

Pope Gregory the GreatSabinianusc. 598 · gregory great #8010

As to one who perseveres in a fault punishment is rightly due, so pardon should be granted to those who return to a better mind. For, as in the former case anger against the culprit is deservedly provoked, so in the latter good-will displayed is wont to promote concord. And so, inasmuch as a recollection of the gravity of the priestly office has...

Pope Gregory the GreatSabinianusc. 596 · gregory great #7017

If you had been at pains to weigh with careful consideration the rule of ecclesiastical administration and the order of ancient custom, neither would any fault of unlawful presumption have crept in upon you, nor would others have incurred danger by occasion of your sin. Now there is no doubt that you were aware how that, certain things having co...