Isidore of Pelusium→Theodorus Scholastic|isidore pelusium
From: Isidore of Pelusium, monk at Pelusium
To: Theodosius the Scholar
Date: ~410 AD
Context: Isidore on the dangerous confusion of the names of virtues and vices in contemporary discourse — calling recklessness courage, cowardice prudence, and so on.
I am troubled that in our time the names of virtues and vices have been systematically confused. Recklessness is called courage. Cowardice is called prudence. Extravagance is called generosity. Meanness is called thrift.
This is not simply an intellectual error. It is a practical disaster, because the confusion of names corrupts the formation of character. The young person who is taught to call his recklessness courage will cultivate his recklessness in the belief that he is developing a virtue. He will be genuinely confused when it destroys him.
The correction of language is therefore not pedantry. It is the first step in the correction of conduct. Call things by their right names.
Context:Isidore on the dangerous confusion of the names of virtues and vices in contemporary discourse — calling recklessness courage, cowardice prudence, and so on.
I am troubled that in our time the names of virtues and vices have been systematically confused. Recklessness is called courage. Cowardice is called prudence. Extravagance is called generosity. Meanness is called thrift.
This is not simply an intellectual error. It is a practical disaster, because the confusion of names corrupts the formation of character. The young person who is taught to call his recklessness courage will cultivate his recklessness in the belief that he is developing a virtue. He will be genuinely confused when it destroys him.
The correction of language is therefore not pedantry. It is the first step in the correction of conduct. Call things by their right names.
Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.