From: Isidore of Pelusium, monk at Pelusium
To: A military official
Date: ~410 AD
Context: Isidore distinguishes the "wise" from the "good" — intellectual virtue from practical virtue — and argues both are necessary.
I define the wise — and I offer this as my view, not as law — as those adorned with the virtues of the reasoning mind: the kind of people who possessed reasoned speech and wisdom of knowledge. And I define the good as those adorned with what some people call the non-rational virtues — those who were incapable of saying anything particularly wise, but through the excellence of their conduct commanded the admiration of all who observed them.
Both are needed. The wise man without goodness is sterile; the good man without wisdom can be misled. But if I am forced to rank them, I would say: the good man who cannot speak wisely is closer to the goal than the wise man who does not live well. One can be corrected; the other has already contradicted himself.
Context:Isidore distinguishes the "wise" from the "good" — intellectual virtue from practical virtue — and argues both are necessary.
I define the wise — and I offer this as my view, not as law — as those adorned with the virtues of the reasoning mind: the kind of people who possessed reasoned speech and wisdom of knowledge. And I define the good as those adorned with what some people call the non-rational virtues — those who were incapable of saying anything particularly wise, but through the excellence of their conduct commanded the admiration of all who observed them.
Both are needed. The wise man without goodness is sterile; the good man without wisdom can be misled. But if I am forced to rank them, I would say: the good man who cannot speak wisely is closer to the goal than the wise man who does not live well. One can be corrected; the other has already contradicted himself.
Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.