From: Isidore of Pelusium, monk at Pelusium
To: Dorotheus, the Most Illustrious
Date: ~410 AD
Context: Isidore offers a careful taxonomy of character types, showing that genuine humility and genuine magnanimity are not opposites but companions.
I call both humble and magnanimous the person who accomplishes great things yet does not claim the glory of those accomplishments — who hides his advantages in silence and does not attack those nearby. In his doing of great things, he thought greatly; in his concealing of them, he thought moderately. For it is the small-minded person who must be set against the magnanimous, not the humble — since small-mindedness belongs to those who dream of earthly things, while greatness of mind belongs to those who pursue what is beyond the world. This is why humility is born from a great and lofty intelligence, while arrogance is born from a petty and base one.
The person of good sense who stumbles and admits it and acknowledges his fault — like the tax collector — I call "penitent," not "humble." The vainglorious person wants glory for things he does not actually do. The glory-seeker glories in what he does do. The arrogant person does things and boasts and scorns others. The great-souled person bears good fortune with moderation and adversity with nobility. The small-souled person does and suffers the opposite of all this.
Context:Isidore offers a careful taxonomy of character types, showing that genuine humility and genuine magnanimity are not opposites but companions.
I call both humble and magnanimous the person who accomplishes great things yet does not claim the glory of those accomplishments — who hides his advantages in silence and does not attack those nearby. In his doing of great things, he thought greatly; in his concealing of them, he thought moderately. For it is the small-minded person who must be set against the magnanimous, not the humble — since small-mindedness belongs to those who dream of earthly things, while greatness of mind belongs to those who pursue what is beyond the world. This is why humility is born from a great and lofty intelligence, while arrogance is born from a petty and base one.
The person of good sense who stumbles and admits it and acknowledges his fault — like the tax collector — I call "penitent," not "humble." The vainglorious person wants glory for things he does not actually do. The glory-seeker glories in what he does do. The arrogant person does things and boasts and scorns others. The great-souled person bears good fortune with moderation and adversity with nobility. The small-souled person does and suffers the opposite of all this.
Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.