Letter 2079

Gregory the Great (Wisigothic)Unknown|gregory great
From: Gregory the Great, Pope, in Rome
To: Peter, subdeacon of Sicily
Date: ~592 AD
Context: Gregory issues extensive instructions about the management of the Sicilian patrimony — the church's estates in Sicily — touching on justice, care for the poor and tenants, and proper administration.

Gregory to Peter, subdeacon of Sicily.

Sicily is the most important of the church's provincial patrimonies [the church's landed estates in Sicily were its largest source of income], and its proper management is therefore a matter of considerable importance to me. I give you these instructions to govern your conduct there:

On the matter of the tenants [coloni — the semi-free agricultural laborers who worked the church's estates]: they are to be treated justly. They are not slaves; they have rights, even if limited ones. Excessive demands, arbitrary exactions beyond what is owed, intimidation — these are not acceptable. The church should be a more just landlord than other landlords, not a more exploitative one.

On charitable distributions: see that the poor of the province receive what is promised to them, and that the distributions reach the genuinely poor rather than being absorbed by those with connections to the administration.

On financial records: maintain clear accounts of all income and expenditure. Irregularities should be noted and reported, not concealed.

On disputes: if a tenant or local inhabitant brings a complaint, hear it fairly. You represent the church; the church's reputation for justice depends on how you act.

I will expect regular reports. Act as if I were watching everything — which I am, through the reports I receive.
Gregory

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.