Letter 149: You yourself have seen with your own eyes the distressing condition of Maximus, once a man of high reputation, but now most of all to be pitied, formerly prefect of my country. Would that he had never been so! Many, I think, would be likely to shun provincial governorships, if their dignities are likely to issue in such an end.

Basil of CaesareaTrajan|c. 366 AD|basil caesarea
imperial politics
Barbarian peoples/invasions; Travel & mobility; Military conflict

Trajan,

You've seen for yourself the terrible state Maximus is in. He was once a highly respected man — formerly the governor of my province [Cappadocia, in modern central Turkey]. I almost wish he'd never held the office. If this is how governorships end, plenty of people would refuse them.

You're sharp enough to fill in the details from what little I say, so I won't recount everything I've seen and heard. But I will say this: the abuses committed against him before you arrived were bad enough. What happened afterward made those earlier offenses look like acts of kindness. The official in charge pushed things to an extreme — outright cruelty, not just political humiliation.

Now Maximus is here under guard, and unless you intervene, things will only get worse. I know I don't need to convince you to do the right thing — that's already in your nature. But I'm asking you, as a personal favor to me, to go a step further than you otherwise might. I want Maximus to see clearly that my appeal on his behalf actually made a difference for him.

Modern English rendering for readability. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek for scholarly use.

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