Letter 63: 1. If I frankly say all that this case compels me to say, you may perhaps ask me where is my concern for the preservation of charity but if I may not thus say all that the case demands, may I not ask you where is the liberty conceded to friendship? Hesitating between these two alternatives, I have chosen to write so much as may justify me withou...

Letter 63 — To Severus: A Frank Word on the Ordination of Timotheus (A.D. 401) To Severus, my most blessed and venerable lord, brother truly to be embraced with genuine love, partner in the priestly office — Augustine and the brothers with him send greetings in the Lord. If I say everything this situation compels me to say, you may ask where my concern for preserving charity has gone. If I am not permitted to say what the situation demands, may I not ask where the freedom that friendship allows has gone? Caught between these two alternatives, I have chosen to write enough to justify myself without making accusations against you. You wrote that you were surprised we acquiesced in what was done, given how deeply it grieved us — as though we could have corrected it. But things that have been done wrongly and then corrected as far as possible are still to be mourned; and it is not absurd to acquiesce in something which, though done wrongly, cannot be undone. Let your surprise cease, dear brother. Timotheus was ordained a subdeacon at Subsana against my advice and desire, while his case was still pending — still the subject of deliberation and consultation between us. I am still grieving over this, even though he has now returned to you. And we do not regret that in consenting to his return we complied with your wishes. Allow me to tell you how, even before he left this place, we corrected the wrong that had been done — through reproof, through admonition, and through prayer — lest it appear to you that nothing had been corrected on our side simply because he had not yet come back to you. By reproof: we addressed Timotheus himself first, because he had disobeyed you and gone to your Holiness without consulting our brother Carcedonius — and it was that act of his that gave rise to the whole trouble. We then censured the presbyter Carcedonius and Verinus, through whom we found that the ordination had been arranged. When all of them acknowledged under our reproof that they had acted wrongly and begged forgiveness, we would have been arrogant had we refused to believe they had been sufficiently corrected. They could not undo what had been done; our reproof asked for nothing more than that they acknowledge their faults and grieve over them. By admonition: we warned all of them never again to dare such things, lest they bring down God's wrath; and we charged Timotheus in particular — who said he was bound only by his oath to come to your Grace — that if your Holiness decided (as we hoped) not to keep him with you, out of concern for the weak for whom Christ died who might be offended, he was to carry out that decision as though it came from the Church of God itself, and not suppose that he was being rejected by you personally. By prayer: committing to God what we could not accomplish by human effort, we besought him to complete the work in us and in you, and to bring it about that whatever was resolved — whether he remain with you or return to us — should be to the glory of his name and the building up of his Church. Farewell in Christ, and remember us.

Letter 63 (A.D. 401) To Severus, My lord Most Blessed and Venerable, a Brother Worthy of Being Embraced with Unfeigned Love, and Partner in the Priestly Office, and to the Brethren that are With Him, Augustine and the Brethren with Him Send Greeting in the Lord. 1. If I frankly say all that this case compels me to say, you may perhaps ask me where is my concern for the preservation of charity but if I may not thus say all that the case demands, may I not ask you where is the liberty conceded to friendship? Hesitating between these two alternatives, I have chosen to write so much as may justify me without accusing you. You wrote that you were surprised that we, notwithstanding our great grief at what was done, acquiesced in it, when it might have been remedied by our correction; as if when things wrongly done have been afterwards, so far as possible, corrected, they are no longer to be deplored; and more particularly, as if it were absurd for us to acquiesce in that which, though wrongly done, it is impossible for us to undo. Wherefore, my brother, sincerely esteemed as such, your surprise may cease. For Timotheus was ordained a subdeacon at Subsana against my advice and desire, at the time when the decision of his case was still pending as the subject of deliberation and conference between us. Behold me still grieving over this, although he has now returned to you; and we do not regret that in our consenting to his return we obeyed your will. 2. May it please you to hear how, by rebuke, admonition, and prayer, we had, even before he went away from this place, corrected the wrong which had been done, lest it should appear to you that up to that time nothing had been corrected by us because he had not returned to you. By rebuke, addressing ourselves first to Timotheus himself, because he did not obey you, but went away to your Holiness without consulting our brother Carcedonius, to which act of his the origin of this affliction is to be traced; and afterwards censuring the presbyter (Carcedonius) and Verinus, through whom we found that the ordination of Timotheus had been managed. When all of these admitted, under our rebuke, that in all the things alleged they had done wrong and begged forgiveness, we would have acted with undue haughtiness if we had refused to believe that they were sufficiently corrected. For they could not make that to be not done which had been done; and we by our rebuke were not expecting or desiring to do more than bring them to acknowledge their faults, and grieve over them. By admonition: first, in warning all never to dare again to do such things, lest they should incur God's wrath; and then especially charging Timotheus, who said that he was bound only by his oath to go to your Grace, that if your Holiness, considering all that we had spoken together on the matter, should, as we hoped might be the case, decide not to have him with you, out of regard for the weak for whom Christ died, who might be offended, and for the discipline of the Church, which it is perilous to disregard, seeing that he had begun to be a reader in this diocese — he should then, being free from the bond of his oath, devote himself with undisturbed mind to the service of God, to whom we are to give an account of all our actions. By such admonitions as we were able to give, we had also persuaded our brother Carcedonius to submit with perfect resignation to whatever might be seen to be necessary in regard to him for the preservation of the discipline of the Church. By prayer, moreover, we had laboured to correct ourselves, commending both the guidance and the issues of our counsels to the mercy of God, and seeking that if any sinful anger had wounded us, we might be cured by taking refuge under His healing right hand. Behold how much we had corrected by rebuke, admonition, and prayer! 3. And now, considering the bond of charity, that we may not be possessed by Satan — for we are not ignorant of his devices — what else ought we to have done than obey your wish, seeing that you thought that what had been done could be remedied in no other way than by our giving back to your authority him in whose person you complained that wrong had been done to you. Even our brother Carcedonius himself consented to this, not indeed without much distress of spirit, on account of which I entreat you to pray for him, but eventually without opposition, believing that he submitted to Christ in submitting to you. Nay, even when I still thought it might be our duty to consider whether I should not write a second letter to you, my brother, while Timotheus still remained here, he himself, with filial reverence, feared to displease you, and cut my deliberations short by not only consenting, but even urging, that Timotheus should be restored to you. 4. I therefore, brother Severus, leave my case to be decided by you. For I am sure that Christ dwells in your heart, and by Him I beseech you to ask counsel from Him, submitting your mind to His direction regarding the question whether, when a man had begun to be a Reader in the Church confided to my care, having read, not once only, but a second and a third time, at Subsana, and in company with the presbyter of the Church of Subsana had done the same also at Turres and Ciza and Verbalis, it is either possible or right that he be pronounced to have never been a Reader. And as we have, in obedience to God, corrected that which was afterwards done contrary to our will, do you also, in obedience to Him, correct in like manner that which was formerly, through your not knowing the facts of the case, wrongly done. For I have no fear of your failing to perceive what a door is opened for breaking down the discipline of the Church, if, when a clergyman of any church has sworn to one of another church that he will not leave him, that other encourage him to remain with him, alleging that he does so that he may not be the occasion of the breaking of an oath; seeing that he who forbids this, and declines to allow the other to remain with him (because that other could by his vow bind only his own conscience), unquestionably preserves the order which is necessary to peace in a way which none can justly censure. About this page Source. Translated by J.G. Cunningham. From Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1887.) Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. <https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/1102063.htm>. Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. 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